Medical Malfeasance: Insights into the Profit of Deceit



            *I'm not branding all drugs /vaccines as unsafe and or ineffective, however, I feel there should be more thorough research and safety testing before unintended consequences manifest themselves among patients.  The following is just some information which I came across when digging behind certain adverse reactions in our healthcare system.  It is not the be all and end all.  Do your own research and try to keep a nuanced perspective.
 
Throughout the course of history, humans have been characterized by the insatiable yearning for truth and understanding.  As a result, principles, theories and laws have been constructed; much of which forms the basic foundation of science.  Despite attempting to clarify the world, science often seems to present contradictions which lead to more questions whose answers are pursued with more science, and so it goes.  Science cannot and should not be viewed as having all the answers.  Firstly, there are many things (human behavior, natural phenomena, etc…) for which science has no sound explanation.  Secondly, science, especially today, is often highly funded and awarded by extremely powerful organizations and institutions.  “Tobacco science”, heavily funded by tobacco industry money, appeared to “prove” that tobacco was not only harmless, but had various benefits such as curing sore throats among other things (1).  Similar tactics have been used to assert the safety of many chemicals and discredit independent scientific analysis which may present challenge such alleged safety.  Polyvinyl Chloride or (PVC), presents one example of how companies (Dow and Union Carbide) withhold unfavorable scientific data from the public.  This can be found in the decades of industry documents by Markowitz and Rosner (2). 

Tragically, similar monetary influences are now in full force among modern healthcare practices.  From pharmaceutical bribing and lobbying to the denial of conflicting research, modern medicine has constructed an epidemic inherent to the medical complex itself.  Such deceit and corruption must be exposed for what it is, using historical evidence, independent analysis, relevant testimonies and thorough comparisons.  I will attempt to present such information here to the best of my ability. 

Lobbying: For 2014, The Center for Responsive Politics listed the total amount of lobbying for the Pharmaceutical/ Health Products industry in the U.S. at nearly $228 million.  This information was provided through the Senate Office of Public Records.  The largest cash contributor in this group is by far the Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America.  Other prominent donors include Amgen Inc., Eli Lilly & Co, Johnson &Johnson, Pfizer, Merck and GlaxoSmithKline.  Many of these donors partner with each other as “clients”, receiving various amounts of lobbying money (3). 

The inherent nature of lobbying is antithetical to democracy.  A prime example can be seen in the National Childhood Vaccine Injury Act (NCVI) of 1986.  This Act, created under the guise of promoting safe vaccines and awarding families of the vaccine-injured, has increasingly become a complex maze, controlled by vaccine manufacturers.  According to this legislation, vaccine providers would (4):

* Inform parents of the risks and benefits to having their children vaccinated.

*Document the name of vaccine manufacturers and lot number for each vaccine given

*Include any serious adverse-event(s) after vaccination into the child’s permanent medical record

*Use the Vaccine Adverse Events Reporting System (VAERS) to report any serious adverse events post vaccination.

These are all essential components in maintaining vaccine safety and documenting lack thereof to be improved.  Unfortunately, however, there are too few checks in place, ensuring the letter and spirit of this Act is maintained.  One testament of this is the “Vaccine Memorial” on the webpage for the National Vaccine Information Center (NVIC).  This section documents all serious adverse vaccine-reactions reported to the center.  A look into parent testimony concerning these reactions reveals, among other things, that healthcare providers rarely give serious consideration to their claims that a certain vaccine or series of vaccines may have injured their child.  One such report reveals the Goudelock family of North Carolina.  Their child, Alexis, “only lived 13 hours after the shots”, the suspected vaccine to be HIB (5). 

            “She cried and was so limp”, state Alexis’ parents, “…She drank her milk but wasn’t alert and trying to play.  We thought it was a normal reaction to the immunizations because that’s what they told us...Of course, they ruled it SIDS”.

            SIDS, referrers to Sudden Infant Death Syndrome; “defined as the sudden death of an infant less than 1 year of age that cannot be explained after a thorough investigation is conducted, including a complete autopsy, examination of the death scene, and a review of the clinical history” (6).  The CDC claims that “accidental suffocation and strangulation in bed” may be a cause of SIDS.”  There is no public mention of SIDS being a potential result of the HIB vaccine by the Centers for Disease Control. 

            Such a link is documented in a study by CDC and FDA researchers titled “Adverse Events following Haemophilus influenzae Type b [HIB] Vaccines in the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System, 1990-2013.”  Out of 749 reported deaths with autopsy/death certificate records, 384 (51%) were reported as SIDS (7).  A search of the PubMed database on vaccine adverse-events reveals numerous studies on different vaccines, where industry research contradicts even their own recommendations.  If the NCVI Act intends to promote complete awareness on vaccines, such information should be clearly presented to all vaccine administrators and parents before having their child vaccinated. 


            The Gardasil vaccine presents further cases of corruption regarding vaccine safety and efficacy, along with the hiding of critical data.  In an interview with the French magazine, Principes de Santé, former Merck physician, Bernard Dalbergue, says the vaccine “…is useless and costs a fortune”.  He goes on to state “Cases of Guillian-Barré syndrome, paralysis of the lower limbs, vaccine-induced MS and vaccine-induced encephalitis can be found, whatever the vaccine.”  As for taking Gardasil off the market, Dalbergue states “There is far too much financial interest for these medicines to be withdrawn” (8).  Michèle Rivasi, the MEP of France, held a press release discussing important concerns about Gardasil.  Chief among these were a lack of scientifically sound clinical trials to evaluate safety.  In a gold-standard scientific setting, this is done by comparing a given treatment (in this case Gardasil) against a placebo.  Unfortunately, “the vaccine adjuvant (used to cause immune response) itself” was used as the “placebo”.  Gardasil also contains aluminum as an adjuvant, which scientists Chris Shaw and Lucija Tomljenovic from the University of British Columbia have shown to be problematic:  “The aluminum migrates into the body and reaches the brain, where it accumulates. There are many adverse effects noted: death, convulsions, syncope, Guillain-Barré syndrome, transverse myelitis, facial paralysis, chronic fatigue syndrome, autoimmune diseases, pulmonary embolisms, myofasciitis macrophages, pancreatitis…” (9)  The vaccine adverse events reporting system (VAERS) documents over 38,000 adverse events (including death, hospitalizations, disabilities, etc…) up until January 2015 (9).  These numbers are likely higher due to those who don’t use VAERS for whatever the reason. 


            The pharmaceutical industry and the researchers surrounding them often appear to be in a maze.  On the one hand, they must convince the public and regulatory agencies that they’re doing sound research; on the other, they have to deal with potentially unfavorable research results which can affect their bottom line.  When the now-recalled prescription drug, Vioxx was initially tested for safety (starting in January, 1999), a total of 8,000 study participants were involved.  Half received Vioxx while the other half received naproxen (generic Aleve®).  Results showed 52 cardiovascular events in the Vioxx group, compared to 29 with the naproxen group, with these events cited as “being significant beyond the level of chance” (10).  The chair of the Data Safety and Monitoring Board (DSMB), Dr. Michael Weinblatt, disapproved of the pooled analysis plan proposed by Merck to look into potential safety issues with Vioxx.  While deciding which statistical method would be appropriate, Merck offered Weinblatt a consulting position on their advisory board for COX-2 inhibitors.  For each day of his consulting work, he was paid $5,000. This should raise questions, because DSMBs are intended to operate independently of the company that employs them and are composed of outside consultants who have no vote in company decisions (11). 

Despite these initial safety concerns, Merck was aggressively marketing to doctors, urging Vioxx prescriptions to be filled.  By the end of 1999, over five million prescriptions were written for Vioxx, and negative health implications continued to mount.  Only in 2002 did the FDA have Merck list cardiovascular risks on the drug’s label, with Merck incessantly trying to get this removed.  By 2003, Vioxx sales hit $2.5 billion worldwide.  When Merck conducted a second study (APPROVe), it found that Vioxx increased heart attack risk for those taking it less than two years.  In September of the following year, Merck voluntarily withdrew Vioxx from the market, leaving many to question the company’s safety analyses and their race towards profitable marketing.  Numerous physicians involved with safety trials testified about Merck hiding and denying crucial evidence about the true risks of Vioxx.  One such physician and FDA scientist, Dr. David Graham, testified that FDA insiders tried to cover up his findings, linking Vioxx to heart attacks.  A total of 60,000 U.S. claims were filed against Merck in multidistrict litigation (MDL).  Merck won 11 out of 16 MDL cases and, in 2007, set up a $4.85 billion settlement fund, paying out close to 35,000 claims.  According to the watchdog, Drug Watch, “In 2011, Merck agreed to pay $950 million and pleaded guilty to a federal misdemeanor charge related to its shady marketing and sales tactics. The company incurred a $321 million criminal fine and was ordered to pay the remainder to the federal government and state Medicaid agencies” (12). 

A “healthcare” system which increasingly places profit over healing, produces such corruption.  We cannot expect doctors to question pharmaceutical prescriptions when they are bombarded with company perks to promote a given drug.  Researchers cannot be expected to thoroughly investigate side-effects and include them in their findings with significant company pressure behind branding a good image of a given drug/vaccine. 
Medical Malfeasance: References
3.      Center for Responsive Politics.  Influence & Lobbying / Lobbying / Industry: Pharmaceuticals/Health Products.  http://www.opensecrets.org/lobby/indusclient.php?id=H04&year=2014
8.      Health Impact News.  Merck’s Former Doctor Predicts that Gardasil will Become the Greatest Medical Scandal of All Time.”http://healthimpactnews.com/2014/mercks-former-doctor-predicts-that-gardasil-will-become-  the-  greatest-medical-scandal-of-all-time/
9.      Sane Vax Inc “Gardasil: An Intentional Scandal”.http://sanevax.org/gardasil-international-scandal/
10.  “Data Safety and Monitoring Board Meeting Minutes, Interim Non-Endpoint Safety Analysis of Vigor - Unblinded Minutes,” MRK-004200115464 (November 18, 1999), http://www.vioxxdocuments.com/Documents/DSMBs/vigor_dsmb_11_99%20meeting%20minutes.pdf.
11.  The Kenan Institute for Ethics at Duke University.  “Vioxx and the Merck Team Effort”.  https://web.duke.edu/kenanethics/CaseStudies/Vioxx.pdf
12.  Drug Watch.  “Vioxx, What is it? Its Uses and Interactions. http://www.drugwatch.com/vioxx/
 

 

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